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Journal Recovering from disaster: My 120P journey.

  • Thread starter Thread starter bradquade
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About me:
I've been keeping planted aquariums and shrimp breeding tanks for almost a decade and for the majority of that time aquariums were my primary hobby. In 2021 I had ~30 tanks running simultaneously containing almost 200 types of plants that I had collected over a 5 year period and more than a dozen types of shrimp. In this time, it was harder for me to not setup new tanks than it was to grow any aquatic plant sent my way. Below are some of the tanks I've kept over the years.

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At the end of 2021 I moved from Texas to Massachusetts and gave away all of my plants, tanks, and shrimp to friends I had made over the years. It took some time to find a permanent place to live so I didn't have any tanks until I was unexpectedly given an ADA 120P in summer of 2023.

The early days of the 120P:
I went through the typical tank start growing pains with a diatoms phase, green hair algae, and every other issue one would expect from a new tank. Even with the new tank difficulties, it only took me 2 months to get to a healthy tank again. For the next 1.5 years, everything went smoothly and the tank went through many iterations.
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Setup on June 28th
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Diatoms outbreak on July 19th
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Green hair algae outbreak by August 18th
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Everything was cleaned up and growing great by September 1st

The start of the disaster:
In February 2025, I started running into issues. BBA started growing in small tufts on the substrate and green hair algae started attacking the old growth on the plants. I'd run into this issue in the past and was usually able to fix it pretty quickly by dialing in the CO2, cleaning the substrate, cleaning filters, and replanting only the most healthy tops of the plants. Even after doing this multiple times, I haven't had any luck fixing the algae. It always comes back
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The start of the algae
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Multiple trim and replant cycles along with some new plants
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Relatively clean after a trim and replant cycle
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10 days later

Where I am today:
I'm getting so frustrated by the persistent issues that I'm about ready to shut down this tank. As a last ditch effort, I purchased a pack of healthy plants from Burr740 to see if healthy plants can help me get through the algae phase and get back into a good place.
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The tank as of January 2nd 2026. The healthiest plants in the tank were received earlier this week from Burr740.
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Really poor color on my plants with a lot of green algae on the lower leaves. The nice looking bacopa is from Burr740. The original stems of Bacopa have barely grown in the last month. If I pull them up, there are very few roots.
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Another example of the old growth issues. The Limnophila mini vietnam also has not grown at all in the last month. Lots of algae grows on the substrate as well.
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Another comparison of Burr's Ludwigia sp. red vs mine. Very slow growth and poor rooting.
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Really weak older growth on Rotala sp. singapore and poor coloration compared to Burr's plants. This plant has always been very easy for me to keep and this is part of why I'm thinking there is something big that I'm missing. Didiplis diandra is another easy plant that keeps melting at the base and its making very little progress because of this.


Below is the key information about the tank.
Tank size: ADA 120P (120 cm x 45 cm x 45 cm)
Lighting: 3x NiloCG Prizms ran at the lowest setting for each channel. Lights are on for 7 hours a day. I want to increase the lighting, but any time I do the algae gets significantly worse
Filtration: Oase Biomaster 600 and a SunSun HW-303B. There's a spraybar on the bottom left that points along the length of the tank at substrate level and the other output is on the top right corner of the tank pushing the opposite direction.
CO2: Vertical reactor on the SunSun filter and a Sera reactor on the Oase. CO2 comes on 4 hours before lights on and turns off 1 hr before lights off. Drop checker is yellow when lights turn on. The pH drop is ~1.4-1.5 at lights on (5.8 at lights on and 7.3 when water is fully degassed). Plants start pearling within 10 minutes of the lights coming on.
Substrate: A mix of ADA aquasoil, Fluval stratum, and Controsoil. A bag of Controsoil was added ~2 months ago to try and give the plants a boost. The remaining substrate is from when I setup the tank and is almost certainly not providing much nutrition or buffering capacity.
Water change schedule: Weekly 70-80% water changes with tap water coming from the MWRA (water report here). KH is ~2. GH is less than 1(3.7 PPM Ca, 0.7 PPM Mg based on the report). Water is treated with sodium carbonate at the water treatment plant to increase the pH to ~9.2, but the pH rapidly decreases after the water comes out of the tap. One potential issue is the tap water is extremely cold. It comes out at ~50F and I add a mix of water from the tap along with heated water. The temperature drops to ~60F for 2-3 hours whenever I water change. I don't keep any livestock so I'm not sure if this is a problem. This was not something I needed to consider back in Texas.
Remineralization: I add 22 PPM calcium and 6 PPM magnesium at water change
Fertilization: 20N-6P-26K is added immediately after water change. A second dose at 10N-3P-13K is added halfway through the week. Micros are Burr740's most recent recipe dosed at 0.15 PPM Fe 3x per week.
Temperature: Tank is heated to 73F during the winter. During the more mild parts of the year I remove the heater and go with whatever the ambient temperature is.

It looks like I'm doing everything right on paper and based on my past experience keeping tanks, but there is clearly some major issue ongoing. Right now I'm thinking its inconsistency in the CO2 that I'm just not seeing (I just started the CO2 2 hours earlier last week because I was noticing the drop checker wasn't always yellow at lights on), not enough light, or too cold of water during water changes. I want to keep some records through this journal to keep myself engaged with the tank and to make sure I'm being consistent with everything. I'm also hoping some additional eyes can help me see where I'm going wrong because I really, really miss having a nice looking tank.
 
tap water coming from the MWRA (water report here)

I'm a little concerned about the possibility of sodium toxicity 🤔🤔

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They talk about using two sodium products in their sterilization process, and there's a huge variation in sodium levels across their samples from different reservoir sources in this October snapshot report.

Given that this was working for a while and then it wasn't, I'd be worried that some variation in that has shifted, upstream of your tap, around the time this started happening.

Whether it's sodium or something else, going with RO water for a couple of months would give you a total control over the soup you're serving these plants, and maybe save your sanity 😕

Here are some forum discussions on RO units 👍



 
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Your prior tanks were awesome and with so much experience I am sure you are going to get over this.

Along the line of what @Kwyet said, switching to RO would make lot of sense. What is your GH currently in your tank? Assuming you dechlorinate but wanted to check. Did you happen to add a water softener to your home system ? That can mess up the parameters as well.

Overall it seems that something threw of your stability and it seems that your water might be the one thing that you could standardize as well to see.

If you do go down the RO system, I think many here have had good experience with the regular tank RO system. Myself, after getting input here at Scapercrunch from another user @Ci got a tankless system which I also use for drinking. If you end up deciding on the tankless, happy to answer any questions. I have been very happy with it.
 
Thanks all that have responded so far. Getting these perspectives is exactly why I wanted to make the journal.

@Koan @Sb1415 I have an RO system from back in my Caridina shrimp breeding days. I still use it for my small tanks and to prepare water for my houseplants. I've always tried to avoid RO water for large aquariums because it makes it difficult to do multiple water changes after rescaping, which I tend to do often. It seems like switching to RO is a popular suggestion though and I will end up going that route. I'll grab a barrel from the store, make some water, and give this a shot for a couple months. This will also give me the chance to thoroughly heat water change water before adding it to the tank and I can rule out cold shock as a potential issue.

I will admit that I'm not entirely convinced that RO will be a game changer. The water report makes it look like the water composition changes, but its trying to illustrate before and after treatment in two water systems. Column 4 is the relevant one because I'm in the Wachusett system after the Carroll Treatment plant and this column has a similar composition across historical water reports. The tank went downhill at the time that I would expect substrate to run out of nutrition/buffering capacity and I wonder if the active substrate was protecting against something negative in the tap. We will see soon enough. Hopefully RO works better than I expect and I can make a positive post in the near future.

@Kwyet I add 22 PPM Ca and 6 PPM Mg to the tank after every water change. I add it based on total tank volume so when accounting for water change volume there is some accumulation to ~ 30 PPM Ca and ~9 PPM Mg. This should be a fairly reasonable amount and I'll stick with it when I make the switch to RO.
 
Right now I'm thinking its inconsistency in the CO2 that I'm just not seeing

Using the Hanna CO2 kit, to directly measure CO2 instead of inferring from pH drop, can also remove this uncertainty for you 💯💯

 
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I read your posts, and we have a lot in common lately. However, I always grew in an inert substrate. So a year ago, I decided after a long absence from the hobby, I would get back going, but this time I wanted to try aquasoil. Like you, I've been doing this for decades. I know what I'm doing. None of my tanks were ever as nice as yours, but I grew great plants for years with little algae. This time I grew, THIS. I finally figured it out only for it to go to crap a second time. I figured that one out too and my tank looked amazing.... only for it to go to crap worse than the previous time. Now, I've figured that one as well and everything is getting back on its feet. So keep going, you'll get it nailed down at some point.

As far as using the RO for water changes. Just give it a shot for a few cycles. If it doesn't help, then at least you've eliminated your tap water as part of the problem.

Also, the CO2 test kit is great. I don't use the Hannah, but I use a similar one. It has really helped me to dial in my CO2.
 
@BenB I read through your posts and it is a similar situation. Isn't it annoying knowing you can do better, but not being able to get there? With some more work and the help of the community, I think we can both solve our problems.

Yesterday I got a water barrel for RO and made a big bucket of RO water. Tap going in is 81 PPM and coming out its 5-6 PPM. The RO membrane is probably 7 years old at this point and should be replaced and my DI stage is completely tapped out. This reduction in TDS should be sufficient to see if the tap water is an issue though.

I was able to do the first RO water change this morning. Before water changing the TDS was 290 PPM and after adding the RO water it was 81 PPM. This suggests a roughly 70% water change, which would bring the sodium level down to ~9 PPM. Since I don't keep any livestock I remineralized in the tank with 22 PPM calcium and 6 PPM magnesium. Accounting for accumulation and 70% water change volume, I should max out at 30 PPM calcium and 9 PPM magnesium. I also dosed 20 PPM nitrate, 6 PPM phosphate, and 26 PPM potassium along with a 0.15 PPM Fe dose of Burr micros. I'll make sure the drop checker is yellow at lights on and the pH drop is greater than 1.2. If that's the case, everything should be in a range to begin seeing some positive changes. The RO was also preheated and the tank dropped to 64F after water change instead of the 50s. This is much more reasonable and should be enough to rule out cold water as an issue.

If the algae grows like crazy, I'll water change again Wednesday. If everything goes smoothly, I'll do a macro dose at half of the values listed above on Wednesday and 2 more micro doses before next weekends water change. Below is a picture of the tank as of the morning for record keeping purposes. I'm really hoping to see some positive growth on the plants so I can start aggressively trimming the algae covered growth.

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@BenB I read through your posts and it is a similar situation. Isn't it annoying knowing you can do better, but not being able to get there? With some more work and the help of the community, I think we can both solve our problems.
Definitely. For me a big learning point with my issues was that the answer isn't always the usual, well how much CO2 or NO3 are you dosing kind of problem solving. The first time my K2SO4 was really KNO3. You can't grow plants with almost no K. The second time it was my water temp. This last time it seems something had screwed up my ferts. I remade my macros and trace and within a day, you could tell everything was turning around. So like with the RO, if you've eliminated all the usual suspects, start looking at other things.

If everything goes smoothly,
This is really vague, but all 3 times, when my plants were getting what they needed, the quality of the pearling changed. Instead of random bubbles here and there, it seemed more purposeful. I know that sounds stupid, and I'd never tell a newbie that, but I think when you see it, you'll know what I mean. Months back when the first disaster was resolving, I could just tell from the pearling I had figured it out and it was just a matter of a lot of manual removal and time.
 
This is really vague, but all 3 times, when my plants were getting what they needed, the quality of the pearling changed. Instead of random bubbles here and there, it seemed more purposeful.
This is a HUGE reason why I like high-energy tanks. I can use pearling as a really good indicator for general plant health and wellbeing -- In a low tech tank, where you might not find out you screwed up for weeks due to no visible pearling, I don't have the patience!

Even though it comes at a cost of more potential issues should something fall out of balance, and requires weekly water changes and more trimming, I really do feel like I love aquariums that pearl, heavily.
 
Pearling is the best indicator of general health in a high energy planted tank and is something that should be closely monitored. I totally agree with this. As Rocco mentioned, intensity of pearling often changes before there are visual changes in plant health, making it a particularly good way to keep an eye on the tank. When I'm having problems (like right now) I often go to the tank, turn off the flow, and watch the bubbles coming from the plants. I have many videos of the pearling in my tanks so I can compare over time and see if there are any trends. I've also found that it's helpful to keep HC during times of struggle because the new growing tips always have oxygen bubbles when everything is in order. Right now I'm keeping a patch of HC partially emersed in one of my low tech tanks and I periodically move bits into the 120P so I can see if the growing tips have oxygen bubbles. Yesterday I checked the pearling in the 120P multiple times and it seemed much more purposeful and intense than I've seen recently. I found this very encouraging, but I need to see a consistent trend before I'll be happy.
 
I did another 70-80% RO water change yesterday with the same dosing outlined previously (22 PPM Ca, 6 PPM Mg, 20N-6P-26K, 0.15 Fe micros). If we go with the lower bound for water change percentages, there should be at most 9% of the tap water remaining in the tank today. The pearling has continued to be very intense shortly after lights on and hasn't slowed at all, so I've continued feeling encouraged. The side by side comparison of the tank from January 1st to January 8th shows the progress in the tank (keep in mind the angles aren't exactly identical).
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The positives
1) There appears to be some significant growth in certain groups. Particularly the Bacopa colorata, Rotala macrandra green, Rotala singapore, Ludwigia sp. red, Ludwigia arcuata and Limnophila wilsonii. Multiple other groups are showing early signs of growth for the first time in a very, very long time like Samolus parviflorus red, Bacopa salzmannii sg., Staurogyne sp 'Porto velho', and Limnophila mini vietnam. The Hygrophila corymbosa compact is growing flat leaves as well. Some plants that were in the early stages of stunting unstunted themselves.
2) Color has improved in multiple groups. The Ludwigia sp. red that's stuck with me through the disaster was very pale and it's finally getting red again. Bacopa colorata is turning salmon at the tips.
3) I can see plants growing aerial roots. This hasn't happened in a long time.
4) Clarity of the water has improved significantly.
5) The tank has had an oil film so thick that it often blocked up the skimmer. It's temporarily gone away during times where the tank appeared to be getting better, but never went away long term. I haven't seen any oiliness since the switch to RO. I'll have to monitor this to see if it continues.
6) Temperature is much more consistent since I have a barrel for RO that I can preheat ahead of water changes. This is probably better for the plants, but is also good for me because I'm not cleaning out a tank as it gets filled with 50-55 degree tap water.
7) Having 44 gallons of RO available at all times is extremely useful. I was using ~10 gallons of RO water each time I watered my houseplants and was limited to watering my upstairs plants one week and downstairs plants the next. I would often get lazy about watering the plants because I didn't have the water on hand and by the time it was ready I wasn't interested in spending time watering. Since I had RO available I watered all of my houseplants at once and changed the water in all of my little tanks in one day. It was magical. I should've setup RO storage a long time ago. My wife is happy I won't flood the basement anymore as well.

The negatives
1) The thread/hair algae is continuing to grow on the old growth and the substrate. I've been cutting leaves off of certain plants when convenient, but that's difficult for plants that still haven't grown significantly or have small leaves (Bacopa sg, Limnophilia mini vietnam, Staurogyne porto velho, etc). I've been pulling out clumps of algae and cleaning where I can during water changes. I imagine this will continue being an issue until I can top and completely eliminate all old growth.
2) I haven't seen cyanobacteria in this tank for almost 2 years and it suddenly started growing on the tips of multiple plant groups. It was suppressing the growth and was annoying to manually remove, so I dosed UltraLife Blue-Green Slime Remover. The cyano is starting to recede and most likely won't require a second dose. We will see though.
3) Multiple plant groups are going through some significant melt. Most of the Didiplis diandra melted from the bottom up and only 4-5 stems remain stable. One really short stem got pulled up during the water change and it had some fresh roots so that was nice to see. The Myriophyllum golden melted super hard from every node that was growing a side shoot. That's why there are many really short stems in random locations in the tank now. I hope this doesn't continue since it appears to be a nice plant. Ludwigia Meta melted and doesn't appear to be recovering. Maybe it was in such bad shape it'll take more time or it'll just die. Who knows.

There's a few more comparison shots below just for reference.
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Ludwigia sp. red. Lots of stems have better looking growth with a few showing early signs of stunting.
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Staurogyne sp. 'Porto Velho'. It's noteworthy that the new leaves are actually growing in such a short time frame. This plant has been stagnant for months.
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Rotala macrandra 'green' is starting to be a more appropriate color and its getting a lot of side shoots.

Overall, lots of early signs of positive progress. I plan to remove the remaining Vals and crypts soon so I can spread out the stem groups more. I'm just waiting until there is enough new growth to top most plants. I'm also considering moving the spraybar on the left side 2/3 up the tank and angled downwards 45 degrees because the small plants in front of it are getting blasted sideways and I don't like that.
 
Your pics definitely appear to show that things are getting better. It just takes time to get thing back growing, pulling the algae, topping and replanting, etc. All your negatives are just the normal process of getting back on your feet. I'm sure you know this.

I think your journal would be a great example for new people to see the process you go through to triage problems, eliminate algae, and get back on your feet.

What are the plants in the center foreground?
 
#1. I suspect your substrate. Start planning on getting all new stuff. A 120 is pretty large maybe consider remineralized substrate as an option with black diamond blasting sand as cap.
#2. I have found dosing more regulary helps a huge amount. Split your total numbers into either 3x a week or 6x a week.
#3. Hair algae always, always always indicates a CO2 issue. Its not stable, inconsistent, not enough etc. Its hard af to get rid of once you have it. If plants are doing good try the One - Two punch algae treatment. H2O2 followed by Excel. The old "One-Two Punch" whole tank algae treatment - UPDATED for 2023
I have very very soft prestine water and have found over the years dosing ei levels makes me pull my hair out with plant problems. Settled for the lower end of the spectrum. Not lean but close.
Changing kH is downright dangerous. Do it very slowly. Adjusting gH drastically also causes melting. Ive found in soft (low gH and kH) water adding alot can throw the uptake of other nutrients off.
 
It just takes time to get thing back growing, pulling the algae, topping and replanting, etc.
I agree. I'm very encouraged at this point and will keep going at this for another month or two focusing on growing as much healthy plant mass as I can and slowly replacing the unhealthy plants. My plants have gone through poor conditions for so long that its going to be a very slow process and will likely take multiple iterations. One other major positive that I noticed yesterday is Joe's plants do not grow algae the way many of my plants do even though they're still growing slowly as they adapt to my tank. This suggests that the algae is not an inherent property of the tank coming from poor light, CO2, ferts, etc and is most likely a consequence of long term poor plant care. We'll see what happens though. Maybe everything from him starts dying/growing algae and I'm back to square one. I'll also keep up with the journal through the highs and lows since it could be a good resource for new people running into this type of problem for the first time.

What are the plants in the center foreground?
I was given this as Eriocaulon parkeri. It's a super easy Eriocaulon and one of my favorite plants of all time. When my tank was in better shape and the lights were on a higher setting, it grew this whiteish-green color instead of plain green. It's a very pretty plant and its continued growing throughout this entire ordeal.
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@BigWave What do you think the issue in the substrate is? I grew my tanks for many years in inert substrates or in super old aquasoil and never had a problem like this. I honestly think I would turn this tank into a vivarium or houseplant propagation area instead of changing the substrate. I'm 100% against the concept of substrate refreshes every 1-2 years.

I'm not convinced the issue is CO2. I've been paying close attention to it and it's extremely consistent. At lights on the pH drop is 1.5 everyday. Drop checker is yellow. It stays this way throughout the entire photo period. It's almost a guarantee that CO2 distribution is not a problem because I have two filters pushing out 700 gph total (with filter media it's definitely less). Each has it's own reactor controlled by a separate needle value. I've added circulation pumps before to try and get better flow and make sure the CO2 distribution wasn't poor and it didn't change anything. I totally get calling out CO2 since I would make the same argument if these tank pics were someone elses, but there's nothing that I can optimize here.

I also tried the one two punch a few months back. I've tried H2O2 spot dosing, AlgaeFix, Excel, and APT Fix. None of these things touch the algae in the tank. I even pulled some and left it in each chemical and it didn't die overnight. I've never had an algae completely resistant to all of these treatments and it is ridiculous. The only thing that killed it was bleach dipping or dosing bleach in the tank. That hurt the plants quite a lot and the algae came back even worse. I'm going to try and avoid chemical fixes until I make some more progress on growing healthy plants. Once I'm at that point, I'll give H2O2 spot dosing another try.
 
My plants have gone through poor conditions for so long that its going to be a very slow process and will likely take multiple iterations.
I find that once the process gets going, it snowballs a little and picks up momentum. So hopefully that happens to you as well.

This suggests that the algae is not an inherent property of the tank coming from poor light, CO2, ferts, etc and is most likely a consequence of long term poor plant care.
Yeah, this has been a big theme here recently before you joined. It's not too much NO3 or too little CO2 that causes algae..... within reason. Weak or stressed plants get algae. THIS article has been great for a lot of us.

I was given this as Eriocaulon parkeri. It's a super easy Eriocaulon and one of my favorite plants of all time. When my tank was in better shape and the lights were on a higher setting, it grew this whiteish-green color instead of plain green. It's a very pretty plant and its continued growing throughout this entire ordeal.
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I won some of this in an auction. I put 1 in my tank and am trying to grow 2 plants emersed. The one in my tank died. The 2 emersed are doing meh, but I think the substrate I was using in my emersed set-up was too strong. I've done something different now and hopefully they come around.
 
I got really sick of watching the algae in the tank grow and decided it was time to begin fixing the problem. I pulled up the majority of the plant groups, cut off as much ratty bottom growth as possible, washed algae off under running water, picked off obviously degrading leaves, and replanted so plants wouldn't be competing for light/CO2. I left a few groups in the tank and will have to take care of them next weekend (Ludwigia sp. 'red', Ludwigia 'Meta', Bacopa colorata, Hygrophila 'compact', Staurogyne sp. 'Porto Velho', Eriocaulon parkeri). I also need to adjust my maintenance strategy because there's still mulm on the plants from the substrate disturbance and I wasn't able to get all of the algae off of the glass and filter inlets/outlets. I typically do back to back water changes when I do serious maintenance like this and that isn't possible with a single 44 gallon RO bucket. I'll probably need to start siphoning at the base of the groups I'm pulling up so the detritus doesn't get pulled into the water column. Lesson learned.

Overall, I'm happy with the progress over the last week even though some plants are getting better and others got worse. It seems like a positive trajectory despite the negatives. The best observation I made was healthy root growth on some of the compromised plants. I haven't seen healthy root growth in a long, long time and I'm thinking this could be a sign of quick foliage growth over the next 2-3 weeks. Let's just hope the algae doesn't start growing back at a crazy rate before the plants can start growing in. If it does, I'll try spot dosing with peroxide or Excel now that I moved the leopard Val out of the tank.
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Eriocaulon parkeri is showing off the whitish/green coloration that I love.

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Rotala macrandra 'mini pink' tops are recovering after all the changes.

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Ludwigia 'meta' tops are starting to grow normally. I was really concerned this plant was going to die, but its making some progress.

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The main growing tops on Ludwigia sp 'red' started stunting. I'm guessing this is a delayed response to the switch to RO and if they don't show any recovery within the next few days I'll chop them off and give the side shoots a chance to develop.

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The Hygrophila 'compact' continues to grow nice and flat leaves as the older leaves melt off. I need to do some more work on this group since I didn't pull it up over the weekend. It doesn't look like much, but the new growth is a major improvement compared to how it was growing previously.

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Notice how curly and misshapen the new growth was in the past? The color was also pretty off. I kept telling myself "your CO2 isn't right and needs to be optimized" but that clearly was not the case.

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Rotala macrandra 'green' is recovering nicely as well.

I also setup a couple 10 gallon tanks to house all of the low tech compatible plants from the 120P. After cutting off the algae infested leaves, the plants don't look too bad. These tanks are setup with RO, fresh soil, and light CO2 so I can move poorly performing plants from the 120P into here. It'll be a poorly controlled experiment to see how important fresh soil is. Eventually I'll turn these into shrimp tanks because I want more colors of shrimp. Even though these have only been setup for a week, some of the plants are putting out fresh roots and starting to grow. The switch to RO with fresh soil does seem to help.
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